Frequently asked questions

Yes.

In many matters, a proper and reliable comparison can be conducted using photocopied, faxed or scanned documents. My forensic reports explain the nature of the material examined, together with any relevant limitations associated with reproduced documents. If examination of an original document is necessary, or if it could materially assist the investigation, I will advise the client accordingly, provided that the original is available.

Not necessarily.

Many clients, particularly attorneys, initially request a preliminary professional opinion before deciding whether a comprehensive forensic report is required. A preliminary opinion may also be appropriate when a matter is urgent or when a client first needs to determine whether the available evidence supports further legal action.

A full report is generally advisable where the opposing party has submitted an expert report with which I disagree, or where a comprehensive report is required to pursue or defend a matter before a court, arbitrator, disciplinary hearing or other legal forum.

After completing the initial examination, I will advise whether a full detailed report appears necessary.

My full forensic reports are detailed, comprehensive and intended to be self-explanatory. Depending on the complexity of the matter, a report may extend to approximately 40-60 pages.

A report will generally include a description of the questioned documents and genuine specimen material, an explanation of the examination and comparison methods used, a clear discussion of the relevant similarities and differences, enlarged comparison charts, photographic illustrations, consideration of whether a genuine writer could have deliberately altered or disguised their own writing, a discussion of natural variation and other possible explanations, disclosure of any matter about which sufficient certainty could not be reached, consideration of reasonable challenges from another expert, and a clear and fully reasoned professional conclusion based upon the evidence as a whole.

Because my reports are designed to explain the evidence and reasoning comprehensively, my oral evidence is required relatively infrequently.

Yes.

My forensic reports are prepared with legal proceedings in mind. They are structured to explain clearly the documents examined, the methods applied, the findings observed, the evidential significance of those findings, and the reasoning supporting my professional opinion.

Where required, I am available to provide expert testimony.

Yes.

I assist attorneys and clients in other countries, as well as clients living in South Africa whose legal matters or disputed documents relate to proceedings elsewhere.

My work has included matters connected with Israel, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, France, Switzerland, India and Taiwan. Where necessary, I am available to travel to photograph or examine original documents or attend to other professional requirements.

The process usually begins with an examination of suitable handwriting and, where relevant, drawings.

I discuss my observations with the client and ask questions intended to explore the emotional, behavioural and personal patterns suggested by the material.

The consultation is not limited to giving the client a description of their personality. The purpose is to help the client understand how certain patterns developed, how they affect present behaviour and relationships, and what may be required for meaningful change. Depending upon the client's needs, further consultations or writing exercises may be suggested.